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Bibliographic record
- Authors: FAO Forestry Department
- Year: 1983
- Identifier:
FAO Forestry Paper 41, ISBN 92-5-101328-1 - URL: https://www.fao.org/3/x5328e/x5328e00.htm
- Snapshot sha256:
ce32e406324ee43f48677d126c0d0d26811d749e442efe1ada99eb186a636fcc
Cited by (12 claims)
- At a final carbonization temperature of approximately 500 °C, charcoal yield is approximately 33 wt% of ove…
- The practical yield of traditional earth-mound kilns is approximately 15–25 wt% of oven-dry wood, lower tha… (draft)
- Good commercial charcoal for metallurgical use should have a fixed carbon content of approximately 75% or h…
- Coppice roundwood for charcoal feedstock is typically cross-cut to lengths of 50–120 cm for ease of kiln lo…
- Dense hardwood with high lignin content gives higher charcoal yield and stronger lump charcoal than low-den…
- Coppice roundwood from dense hardwood species (hornbeam, oak, hazel, sweet chestnut) yields stronger, heavi…
- At a final carbonization temperature of approximately 700 °C, charcoal yield is approximately 30 wt% of ove…
- Wood carbonization onset is approximately 280 °C, at which point spontaneous exothermic breakdown of cellul…
- Freshly cut (‘green’) coppice roundwood contains approximately 40–60% moisture (as a fraction of oven-dry w…
- Air-dried (‘seasoned’) wood contains approximately 12–18% adsorbed moisture; freshly cut (‘green’) wood con…
- The woodland is divided into coupes equal in number to the rotation length (years), one coupe cut per year,…
- Charcoal’s four-to-sixfold weight reduction on carbonization means poles should be cut to kiln-loading leng…